How does a fixed-rate mortgage differ from an adjustable-rate mortgage?

A fixed-rate mortgage features a constant interest rate that remains unchanged throughout the life of the loan. This characteristic provides borrowers with predictable monthly payments, allowing them to budget effectively without worrying about fluctuations in interest rates. The stability of a fixed-rate mortgage can be particularly advantageous in a rising interest rate environment, where borrowers can lock in a lower rate for the duration of the loan.

In contrast, an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) typically starts with a lower initial interest rate that may change after a specified period based on market conditions, leading to varying monthly payments over time. This introduces some level of uncertainty regarding future payment amounts. While option B highlights a common feature of adjustable-rate mortgages, it doesn't capture the essence of how fixed rates remain constant. The other options provide incorrect or misleading statements about collateral and expense comparisons, making them less relevant to the fundamental difference between these types of mortgages.